Astronomers Uncover New Class of Cosmic Explosions: Extreme Nuclear Transients
Astronomers have identified a new phenomenon dubbed "extreme nuclear transients" (ENTs), marking the most powerful cosmic explosions discovered since the Big Bang. These extraordinary events occur when stars over three times the mass of the Sun are consumed by supermassive black holes. Jason Hinkle, a researcher at the University of Hawaii's Institute for Astronomy, emphasized the significance of these findings, stating that some recent explosions are nearly ten times more luminous than previously observed stellar events.
The ENTs were spotted through data from the European Space Agency's Gaia spacecraft, recorded in 2016 and 2018, along with a third explosion identified in 2020 by the Zwicky Transient Facility. The intensity of these bursts is remarkable, with one, designated Gaia18cdj, releasing 25 times more energy than the brightest known supernova. This exceptional brightness allows researchers to study black hole growth within ancient galaxies, providing insights into cosmic evolution during the universe's earlier stages, according to co-author Benjamin Shappee.
A study detailing these findings was published in the journal Science Advances on June 4.
