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A significant portion of the tantalum found in smartphones and electronic devices likely originates from the conflict-ridden eastern regions of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), according to a BBC report. Approximately 40% of the global supply of tantalum comes from DRC, where the M23 rebel group has taken control of key mining areas, including Rubaya, a hub for coltan mining. This metal is essential for the functioning of electronic devices due to its efficiency at storing energy.
The M23 group has reportedly turned coltan mining into a lucrative operation, extracting about $800,000 monthly through taxation and controlling mining activities. The situation raises concerns regarding the ethical sourcing of minerals, especially as Rwanda is accused of benefiting from DRC's instability by mixing uncertified coltan with its own production.
In response to the escalating conflict, Apple announced the cessation of tantalum sourcing from both DRC and Rwanda starting in early 2024. Meanwhile, the Congolese government has filed criminal complaints against international tech companies, alleging use of "conflict minerals."