Kilauea Volcano Erupts Again in Hawaii, No Immediate Threat to Nearby Communities

The Kilauea volcano in Hawaii has entered its fourth eruptive episode this week, following its initial eruption on December 23. The United States Geological Survey (USGS) reported that the current volcanic activity includes significant lava fountains and flows erupting from the Kaluapele summit caldera, though the eruption remains confined to Hawaii Volcanoes National Park and poses no immediate danger to local communities.

USGS observations noted that lava fountains reached heights of up to 330 feet earlier in the week but have since moderated to between 140 and 160 feet as of Thursday morning. The active vents, located in the north and south parts of the caldera, continue to release volcanic gases and Pele's hair—a form of volcanic glass—which may pose risks to individuals with respiratory conditions.

The eruption displays alternating periods of heightened and reduced activity, marking a characteristic pattern observed in Kilauea's history. Since 2020, the volcano has seen six summit eruptions, with durations varying from a week to over a year.

Despite the lack of immediate threats, ongoing hazards include the release of sulfur dioxide gas, which can lead to volcanic smog, or vog, potentially affecting individuals with pre-existing respiratory issues. Additionally, the presence of Pele’s hair can cause injuries upon contact with the skin or eyes.

Due to the hazardous conditions around the caldera, which include unstable ground and rockfalls, the area surrounding the Halema'uma'u crater has been closed to the public since late 2007. The duration of the current eruption remains uncertain, as previous episodes have shown to last significantly different lengths of time.