Kabul Faces Dire Water Crisis, Risking Complete Depletion by 2030

AFAfghanistan|

Kabul is facing an imminent water crisis, with projections indicating its aquifers could run completely dry by 2030 unless urgent action is taken. Water levels in the capital's underground reservoirs have plummeted by 30 meters in the past decade, as nearly half of its boreholes—the primary source of drinking water—have dried up. Experts highlight that the city is withdrawing 44 million cubic meters more water annually than is naturally replenished, endangering its seven million residents.

According to Dayne Curry, Mercy Corps’ Afghanistan country director, "No water means people leave their communities." Compounding the crisis, up to 80% of Kabul's groundwater is polluted by sewage, salinity, and arsenic, rendering it unsafe for consumption. Many households reportedly spend up to 30% of their income on water, rising into debt to secure their needs.

The population surge from under one million in 2001 to seven million today, combined with lax governance, has driven water demand sky-high. Curry noted that “short-term fixes aren’t enough,” emphasizing the necessity for long-term investments and political commitment to avert disaster.

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Kabul's Water Crisis: Aquifers on Brink of Depletion by 2030

Kabul is facing an alarming water crisis, with forecasts suggesting the city’s underground aquifers could be completely depleted by 2030 if current trends persist. According to experts, water levels in these aquifers have plunged by up to 30 meters in the last decade, leading to nearly half of the city’s boreholes—its primary drinking water source—having run dry. Approximately 7 million residents are at risk as water extraction exceeds natural replenishment by 44 million cubic meters annually. Adding to the crisis, up to 80% of Kabul's groundwater is reported to be contaminated with sewage, salinity, and arsenic, rendering it unsafe for consumption. Many households allocate up to 30% of their income to secure clean water, pushing some into debt. A significant population increase from under 1 million to 7 million since 2001 has exacerbated the demand for water. Weak regulatory frameworks permit private companies to drill wells and sell water at inflated prices, compounding the issue. Dayne Curry, Mercy Corps’ country director, stated that “short-term fixes aren’t enough” and emphasized the need for long-term investment and political commitment to avert disaster.
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