Hubble Telescope Reveals Cosmic Journey of Carbon Atoms Before They Became Us

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New data from the Hubble Space Telescope has unveiled that many carbon atoms found in the human body may have traveled hundreds of thousands of light-years beyond the Milky Way before returning to contribute to star and planet formation.

A study conducted by astronomers from the University of Washington explored the circumgalactic medium (CGM), a vast cloud of gas surrounding galaxies. The team detected signs of carbon up to 391,000 light-years from star-forming galaxies, significantly exceeding the Milky Way's 100,000 light-year width.

This research highlights the role of supernova explosions, which disperse heavy elements like carbon into the CGM. Lead author Samantha Garza described the CGM as a "giant train station," constantly cycling materials out of and back into galaxies.

These findings have important implications for galaxy evolution and the availability of essential elements for new star formation. The study confirmed that both carbon and oxygen circulate in the CGM, emphasizing its significance as a reservoir for materials that can spur further stellar development.

The results of this study illuminate our understanding of the complex lifecycle of elements in the universe, reinforcing Carl Sagan’s famous assertion that "we are made of star-stuff." This research was published in The Astrophysical Journal Letters.

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