Global Study Uncovers New Genetic Risk Factors for Depression

A groundbreaking international study has identified 300 previously unknown genetic risk factors for depression, significantly expanding our understanding of the condition. This research incorporated a diverse population sample, analyzing anonymized genetic data from over 5 million people across 29 countries. Importantly, one-quarter of the participants came from non-European ancestries, addressing a gap in previous studies that primarily focused on wealthier, white populations.

Published in the journal Cell, the study reveals 700 genetic variations linked to depression, nearly half of which were not previously associated with the disorder. Researchers found connections between these genetic changes and various brain regions involved in emotional regulation. Notably, 100 of the newly identified genetic differences were linked specifically to individuals of African, East Asian, Hispanic, and South Asian descent.

While each genetic risk factor alone may pose a minimal risk, the study indicates that individuals carrying multiple variants could face a significantly increased susceptibility to depression. Additionally, the research suggests potential avenues for treatment, identifying not only antidepressants but also medications like Pregabalin and Modafinil as having effects on the identified genes.

Lead author Prof Andrew McIntosh from the University of Edinburgh emphasized the need for larger, more inclusive studies to enhance our understanding and treatment of depression globally. Dr. David Crepaz-Keay, of the Mental Health Foundation, acknowledged the study's progress but cautioned against relying solely on genetic factors, advocating for addressing broader societal issues that influence mental health, such as poverty and racism.