Ancient Burial Site Reveals Mystery of 20 Women Adorned with Seashells

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Archaeologists have uncovered a remarkable burial site in the Tholos of Montelirio, near Seville, Spain, featuring the remains of 20 women interred approximately 4,800 years ago with over 270,000 perforated seashell beads. The research published in Science Advances indicates that the beads, made from around 800 kilograms of various mollusks, were likely part of the women’s garments, highlighting their significant social status.

Lead archaeologist Leonardo García Sanjuán noted that no comparable find exists, with previous tombs containing significantly fewer artifacts. The research identified unusually high mercury levels in the bones of these women, with up to 500 micrograms per gram in some cases, raising questions about the circumstances of their deaths and the potential use of mercury in rituals.

The burial site is characterized by a dual-chamber structure and a corridor that aligns with the summer solstice sun, suggesting a ceremonial purpose. Ongoing analysis aims to clarify how the beads were utilized, whether as ceremonial attire or burial shrouds, and to understand the reason behind the high mercury concentrations, according to Raquel Montero, an archaeologist from the University of Seville.

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